序幕:荷葉領

1993年,金斯伯格被提名進入最高法院,有人給她發了一份傳真,稱她法學院的一位老同學在扶輪社(rotaryclub)的會議上說,法學院班裡的男同學通常以她的外號「悍婦」(bitch)來稱呼她。回顧她一路走來的歷程,從在哈佛法學院被男生嘲弄,到步入這個國家的最高法院,金斯伯格回應道,「被人叫‘悍婦’,總要好過‘膽小鬼’」。

williampeacock,「fridayfrills:thejabot(orneckdoily),」ifindlawsupremecourt/i,february7,2014,http:/supreme_court/2014/02/friday-frills-the-jabot-or-neck-

518u.s.515(1996),http:rg/cases/1990-1999/1995/1995_94_1941.

美國公民自由聯盟(americancivillibertiesunion,簡稱aclu),是一個美國的大型非營利性組織,總部設於紐約市,其目的是「捍衛和維護美國憲法和其他法律賦予的、這個國度裡每個公民享有的個人的權利和自由」。聯盟透過訴訟、推動立法以及社群教育達到其目的。該聯盟成立於1920年,現擁有超過50萬會員和超過1億美元的年度預算。——譯者注

ninatotenberg,interviewwiththeauthor,september6,2013.ninatotenberg,introductiontoithelegacyofruthbaderginsburg/i,editedbyscottdodson(newyork:cambridgeuniversitypress,2015),p.18ofdraft;totenbergapparentlymeansjusticestevens,whowouldhavebeentheassigningjusticeifrehnquisthadvotedforvmi.stevenshasnomemoryoftheconversation(justicejohnpaulstevens,interviewwithauthor,july21,2014).rehnquistultimatelyconcurredwiththemajority,soitmayhavebeenjusticerehnquistwhomo’connorapproached.

lindagreenhouse,「fromthehighcourt,avoicequitedistinctlyawoman’s,」inewyorktimes/i,may26,1999;lyledenniston,「justice’scrusade:‘wethepeople’includeswomen—ginsburgledmilitary-schoolruling,」iseattletimes/i,june27,1996,http://community/archive/?date=19960627&slug=2336534.

貞潔舞會,是一種父親和女兒參加的正式性的舞會。參加舞會的父親承諾保證女兒的貞潔,直到結婚。用以維護年輕女孩心靈、身體和靈魂的純潔。——譯者注

gailcollins’sexcellenthistoryofthemodernwomen’smovementisiwheneverythingchanged:theamazingjourneyofamericanwomenfrom/i1960itothepresent/i(boston:little,brown,2009).

戈德華特(goldwater),主張重新蓄奴、實行種族隔離,極端的右翼政客。——譯者注

aryehneier,interviewwiththeauthor,july8,2013.

mikesacks,「womensupremecourtjusticescelebrate30yearssincecourt’sfirstfemale,」ihuffingtonpost/i,april11,2012,http:/2012/04/11/supreme-court-women-justices_n_

justicejohnpaulstevens,interviewwiththeauthor,july21,2014.

「sandradayo’connor—member,」iraqstudygroupreport,futureofthebook,http:rg/iraqreport/sandra-day-oconnor;「o’connorisamemberoftheamericanbarassociation,thestatebarofarizona,thestatebarofcalifornia,themaricopacountybarassociation,thearizonajudges’association,thenationalassociationofwomenjudges,andthearizonawomenlawyers’association.」

alexisdetocqueville,democracyinamerica,chapter16,「causeswhichmitigatethetyrannyofthemajorityintheunitedstates,」http://xroaddu/~hyper/detoc/1_

robertaw.francis,「thehistorybehindtheequalrightsamendment,」equalrightsamendment(website),http:rg

joanbiskupic,isandradayo’connor:howthefirstwomanonthesupremecourtbecameitsmostinfluentialjustice/i(newyork:harperperennial,2006),4andprologue9.

harrietrabb,interviewwiththeauthor,october15,2013.

biskupic,sandradayo’connor,21.

勒尼德•漢德(1872—1961),生於紐約阿爾伯尼,畢業於哈佛大學法學院。從未在最高法院任職,卻被認為是美國曆史上最偉大的法官之一。最知名的成就是把經濟分析的方法運用到侵權法之中。——譯者注

sheldonm.novick,「whatmakesagreatjudge,hisreasoningorhisvision?」ilosangelestimes/i,april22,1994,http:/1994-05-22/books/bk-60553_1_learned-hand/2.

brianbaxter,「justiceo’connordingsgibsondunnonlettermanshow,」amlawdaily(blog),june24,2009,http:/amlawdaily/2009/06/oconnor-on-

irae.stoll,「ginsburgblastsharvardlaw;past,presentdeansdefendschool,」harvardcrimson,july23,1993,http:/article/1993/7/23/ginsburg-blasts-harvard-law-pin-testimony/.

biskupic,sandradayo’connor,34.

ibid.,119.

totenberginterview,september6,2013.

melwulf,interviewwiththeauthor,june20,2013.

ginsburg,lettertophilipkurland,march20,1975,ginsburgarchive,libraryofcongress,box16.

michaelmurphy,「conservativepioneerbecameanoutcast,」iarizonarepublic/i,may31,1998,http:/specials/special25/article

catherineho,「justiceginsburghappytonolongerbeconfusedwithsandradayo’connor,」iwashingtonpost/i,december17,2013,http:/business/capitalbusiness/justice-ginsburg-happy-to-no-longer-be-confused-with-sandra-day-oconnor/2013/12/17/d8ba9c5c-6731-11e3-a0b9-249bbb34602c_

lawrences.wrightsman,ioralargumentsbeforethesupremecourt:anempiricalapproach/i(newyork:oxforduniversitypress,2008),45.

一個公益組織的名字。扶輪社的定期聚會大多輪流在各社員的工作場所舉辦,因此便以「輪流」(rotary)命名。——譯者注

在英文語境中,bitch這個詞的含義極其豐富,不一定均指貶義。例如1984年,美國女性主義學者喬琳(joreen)發表了界定第二波女性主義運動中的「bitch」的《婊子宣言》(themanifesto)。金斯伯格在這裡認可這個說法似乎有引以為榮的意思。這裡翻譯成「悍婦」並不能完全表達其英文含義。——譯者注

jeffreyrosen,「thebookofruth,」ithenewrepublic/i,august2,1993,http:/article/politics/the-book-ruth.